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Despite the decline in the number of military coups since the 1960s
and 1970s, Militaries continue to be crucial political actors in
many world regions. Their impact on the democratic development of
nations, however, has been mixed. On the one hand, coups against
democratically elected leaders in Mali (2012), Egypt (2013), and
Thailand (2014) have spelled doom for these countries' nascent
democratic regimes and have ushered in new periods of military
dominance in politics. The cases of Portugal (1974), the
Philippines (1986), and Tunisia (2011), on the other hand, show
that the military's decision not to defend authoritarian leaders
against mass protests contributed crucially to the fall of
dictatorships and facilitated transitions to democracy. This volume
addresses the military's ambivalent role as "midwife" or
"gravedigger" of democracy and highlights the often multi-layered
and complex relationship between militaries' political behaviour
and democratization. The chapters were originally published in a
special issue of Democratization.
Despite the decline in the number of military coups since the 1960s
and 1970s, Militaries continue to be crucial political actors in
many world regions. Their impact on the democratic development of
nations, however, has been mixed. On the one hand, coups against
democratically elected leaders in Mali (2012), Egypt (2013), and
Thailand (2014) have spelled doom for these countries' nascent
democratic regimes and have ushered in new periods of military
dominance in politics. The cases of Portugal (1974), the
Philippines (1986), and Tunisia (2011), on the other hand, show
that the military's decision not to defend authoritarian leaders
against mass protests contributed crucially to the fall of
dictatorships and facilitated transitions to democracy. This volume
addresses the military's ambivalent role as "midwife" or
"gravedigger" of democracy and highlights the often multi-layered
and complex relationship between militaries' political behaviour
and democratization. The chapters were originally published in a
special issue of Democratization.
This book addresses the challenge of reforming defense and military
policy-making in newly democratized nations. By tracing the
development of civil-military relations in various new democracies
from a comparative perspective, it links two bodies of scholarship
that thus far have remained largely separate: the study of emerging
(or failed) civilian control over armed forces on the one hand; and
work on the roots and causes of military effectiveness to guarantee
the protection and security of citizens on the other. The empirical
and theoretical findings presented here will appeal to scholars of
civil-military relations, democratization and security issues, as
well as to defense policy-makers.
This book addresses the challenge of reforming defense and military
policy-making in newly democratized nations. By tracing the
development of civil-military relations in various new democracies
from a comparative perspective, it links two bodies of scholarship
that thus far have remained largely separate: the study of emerging
(or failed) civilian control over armed forces on the one hand; and
work on the roots and causes of military effectiveness to guarantee
the protection and security of citizens on the other. The empirical
and theoretical findings presented here will appeal to scholars of
civil-military relations, democratization and security issues, as
well as to defense policy-makers.
What leads a democratic government to use military force to counter
a domestic or external threat? How does it legitimize this
mobilization to its citizenry? And what is the significance for
civilian control of the military? The authors of Mobilizing Force
draw on case studies from around the world to systematically
examine these critical questions, exploring the interrelationships
among security threats, the militarization of security policy, and
democratic accountability.
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